ecvt-20230630

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


(Mark One)
☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-38221

Ecovyst Inc.

Delaware

81-3406833

(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

300 Lindenwood Drive

Malvern, Pennsylvania

19355

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

(484)

617-1200

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common stock, par value $0.01 per share

ECVT

New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares of common stock outstanding as of August 1, 2023 was 116,643,683.

Table of Contents

Ecovyst Inc.

INDEX—FORM 10-Q

June 30, 2023


		Page
PART I	FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	4
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	7
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	8
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	27
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	46
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	46

PART II	OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	46
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	46
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	47
Item 5.	Other Information	48
Item 6.	Exhibits	48

	SIGNATURES	49

Table of Contents

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

ECOVYST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)


	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Sales	$	184,110	$	225,172	$	344,984	$	404,886
Cost of goods sold	123,140		165,313		247,520		297,292
Gross profit	60,970		59,859		97,464		107,594
Selling, general and administrative expenses	21,395		22,783		42,514		46,319
Other operating expense, net	6,262		9,665		12,980		17,428
Operating income	33,313		27,411		41,970		43,847
Equity in net (income) from affiliated companies	(11,374)		(8,504)		(11,597)		(14,253)
Interest expense, net	9,168		8,888		19,000		17,338

Other expense, net	610		485		182		625
Income before income taxes	34,909		26,542		34,385		40,137
Provision for income taxes	8,787		7,297		9,734		13,017
Net income	$	26,122	$	19,245	$	24,651	$	27,120

Net income per share:
Basic income per share	$	0.22	$	0.14	$	0.20	$	0.20
Diluted income per share	$	0.22	$	0.14	$	0.20	$	0.19

Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic	118,651,402		138,035,764		120,335,414		137,876,185
Diluted	119,920,742		139,149,560		121,831,942		139,175,659

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ECOVYST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(in thousands)

(unaudited)


	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net income	$	26,122	$	19,245	$	24,651	$	27,120
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Pension and postretirement benefits	465		(39)		441		(78)
Net gain (loss) from hedging activities	5,399		4,757		(2,521)		18,479
Foreign currency translation	828		(7,994)		3,013		(10,299)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	6,692		(3,276)		933		8,102


Comprehensive income	$	32,814	$	15,969	$	25,584	$	35,222

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ECOVYST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)


	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	29,232	$	110,920
Accounts receivable, net	78,171		74,758
Inventories, net	47,550		44,362
Derivative assets	17,329		18,510
Prepaid and other current assets	24,930		19,154

Total current assets	197,212		267,704
Investments in affiliated companies	438,369		436,013
Property, plant and equipment, net	587,204		584,889
Goodwill	404,220		403,163
Other intangible assets, net	123,461		129,932
Right-of-use lease assets	29,649		28,265
Other long-term assets	33,923		34,587

Total assets	$	1,814,038	$	1,884,553
LIABILITIES
Current maturities of long-term debt	$	9,000	$	9,000
Accounts payable	34,615		40,019
Operating lease liabilities—current	9,098		8,155
Accrued liabilities	50,318		72,229

Total current liabilities	103,031		129,403
Long-term debt, excluding current portion	862,394		865,870
Deferred income taxes	137,066		136,184
Operating lease liabilities—noncurrent	20,493		20,021
Other long-term liabilities	23,290		25,846

Total liabilities	1,146,274		1,177,324
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15)
EQUITY
Common stock ($0.01 par); authorized shares 450,000,000; issued shares 140,744,045 and 139,571,272 on June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively; outstanding shares 116,263,742 and 122,186,238 on June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	1,407		1,396
Preferred stock ($0.01 par); authorized shares 50,000,000; no shares issued or outstanding on June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022	—		—
Additional paid-in capital	1,101,285		1,091,475
Accumulated deficit	(217,359)		(242,010)
Treasury stock, at cost; shares 24,480,303 and 17,385,034 on June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	(224,494)		(149,624)
Accumulated other comprehensive income	6,925		5,992
Total equity	667,764		707,229
Total liabilities and equity	$	1,814,038	$	1,884,553

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ECOVYST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands)

(unaudited)


	Common stock		Additional paid-in capital		(Accumulated deficit)		Treasury stock, at cost		Accumulated other comprehensive income		Total
Balance, December 31, 2022	$	1,396	$	1,091,475	$	(242,010)	$	(149,624)	$	5,992	$	707,229
Net loss	—		—		(1,471)		—		—		(1,471)
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		—		(5,759)		(5,759)

Repurchases of common shares	—		—		—		(29,850)		—		(29,850)
Tax withholdings on equity award vesting	—		—		—		(866)		—		(866)
Stock compensation expense	—		4,756		—		—		—		4,756
Shares issued under equity incentive plan, net of forfeitures	10		102		—		—		—		112
Balance, March 31, 2023	$	1,406	$	1,096,333	$	(243,481)	$	(180,340)	$	233	$	674,151
Net income	—		—		26,122		—		—		26,122
Other comprehensive income	—		—		—		—		6,692		6,692
Repurchases of common shares	—		—		—		(43,524)		—		(43,524)
Excise tax on repurchases of common shares	—		—		—		(630)		—		(630)

Stock compensation expense	—		4,739		—		—		—		4,739
Shares issued under equity incentive plan, net of forfeitures	1		213		—		—		—		214
Balance, June 30, 2023	$	1,407	$	1,101,285	$	(217,359)	$	(224,494)	$	6,925	$	667,764











	Common stock		Additional paid-in capital		(Accumulated deficit)		Treasury stock, at cost		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		Total
Balance, December 31, 2021	$	1,378	$	1,073,409	$	(315,707)	$	(12,551)	$	(5,792)	$	740,737
Net income	—		—		7,875		—		—		7,875
Other comprehensive income	—		—		—		—		11,378		11,378

Tax withholdings on equity award vesting	—		—		—		(332)		—		(332)
Stock compensation expense	—		5,946		—		—		—		5,946
Shares issued under equity incentive plan, net of forfeitures	18		9		—		—		—		27
Balance, March 31, 2022	$	1,396	$	1,079,364	$	(307,832)	$	(12,883)	$	5,586	$	765,631
Net income	—		—		19,245		—		—		19,245
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		—		(3,276)		(3,276)
Repurchases of common shares	—		—		—		(8,842)		—		(8,842)
Stock compensation expense	—		5,409		—		—		—		5,409
Shares issued under equity incentive plan, net of forfeitures	—		17		—		—		—		17
Balance, June 30, 2022	$	1,396	$	1,084,790	$	(288,587)	$	(21,725)	$	2,310	$	778,184

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ECOVYST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

(unaudited)


	Six months ended June 30,
	2023		2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	24,651	$	27,120
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation	34,147		32,153
Amortization	7,019		7,051

Amortization of deferred financing costs and original issue discount	1,024		1,002



Foreign currency exchange (gain) loss	(632)		1,148


Deferred income tax provision	1,283		11,285
Net loss on asset disposals	2,306		706

Stock compensation	9,070		12,679
Equity in net income from affiliated companies	(11,597)		(14,253)
Dividends received from affiliated companies	10,000		30,000

Other, net	6,255		(4,364)
Working capital changes that provided (used) cash:
Receivables	(3,019)		(33,152)
Inventories	(2,987)		(3,091)
Prepaids and other current assets	(5,724)		(47)
Accounts payable	(1,468)		9,671
Accrued liabilities	(29,188)		(25,053)

Net cash provided by operating activities	41,140		52,855

Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	(39,227)		(25,835)


Payments for business divestiture, net of cash	—		(3,744)





Other, net	—		81
Net cash used in investing activities	(39,227)		(29,498)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Draw down of revolving credit facilities	14,500		—
Repayments of revolving credit facilities	(14,500)		—




Repayments of long-term debt	(4,500)		(4,500)



Repurchases of common shares	(73,373)		(7,127)
Tax withholdings on equity award vesting	(866)		(332)


Repayment of financing obligation	(1,433)		—
Other, net	294		45
Net cash used in financing activities	(79,878)		(11,914)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(3,723)		(1,104)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	(81,688)		10,339
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	110,920		140,889
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	29,232	$	151,228

For supplemental cash flow disclosures, see Note 19.

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ECOVYST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

1. Background and Basis of Presentation:

Description of Business

Ecovyst Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company” or “Ecovyst”) is a leading integrated and innovative global provider of specialty catalysts and services. The Company supports customers globally through its strategically located network of manufacturing facilities. The Company believes that its products, which are predominantly inorganic, and services contribute to improving the sustainability of the environment.

The Company has two uniquely positioned specialty businesses: Ecoservices provides sulfuric acid recycling to the North American refining industry for the production of alkylate and provides on-purpose virgin sulfuric acid for water treatment, mining and industrial applications; and Catalyst Technologies provides finished silica catalysts and catalyst supports necessary to produce high strength and high stiffness plastics and, through the Zeolyst Joint Venture, supplies zeolites used for catalysts that help produce renewable fuels, remove nitrogen oxides from diesel engine emissions as well as sulfur from fuels during the refining process.

The Company’s regeneration services product group, which is a part of the Company’s Ecoservices segment, typically experiences seasonal fluctuations as a result of higher demand for gasoline products in the summer months and lower demand in the winter months. These demand fluctuations result in higher sales and working capital requirements in the second and third quarters.

Basis of Presentation

The condensed consolidated financial statements included herein are unaudited. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations for interim reporting. In the opinion of management, all adjustments of a normal and recurring nature necessary to state fairly the financial position and results of operations have been included. The results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the expected results for the full year. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Correction of an Error

During the preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements for the period ended June 30, 2023, the Company identified a presentation error in the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) that originated in the year ended December 31, 2021 and remained uncorrected through the quarter ended March 31, 2023. As a result, the presentation of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in Note 5 was corrected by revising the opening balances as follows:


	Defined benefit and other postretirement plans		Net gain (loss) from hedging activities		Foreign currency translation

As reported, December 31, 2021	$	14,808	$	2,254	$	(22,854)
Correction to opening balances	(12,640)		(1,964)		14,604
Revised, December 31, 2021	$	2,168	$	290	$	(8,250)

As reported, December 31, 2022	$	12,132	$	26,636	$	(32,776)
Correction to opening balances	(12,640)		(1,964)		14,604
Revised, December 31, 2022	$	(508)	$	24,672	$	(18,172)

This classification error within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) did not impact total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the periods included in these condensed consolidated financial statements. Additionally, there was no impact on the condensed consolidated statements of income and other comprehensive income (loss), condensed consolidated balance sheets and condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the periods included in these condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company assessed the materiality of this presentation error and concluded it was not material to the Company’s previously issued financial statements.

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ECOVYST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

Net income for the six months ended June 30, 2023 increased by $1,390 from adjustments for the Company’s interest rate cap agreements related to prior year interest expense amortization. The impact of this adjustment was not material to the consolidated financial statements for any prior quarterly or annual periods, and is not expected to be material to the current annual period.

2. New Accounting Standards:

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In March 2020 and January 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued guidance to address certain accounting consequences from the anticipated transition from the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates. The new guidance contains practical expedients for reference rate reform related activities that impact debt, leases, derivatives and other contracts. The guidance is optional and may be elected over time as reference rate reform activities occur. The time period through which the practical expedients provided in the guidance is available was set to expire on December 31, 2022, but was extended through December 31, 2024 by the FASB in December 2022. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company elected to apply the hedge accounting expedients related to probability and the assessments of effectiveness for future LIBOR-indexed cash flows to assume that the index upon which future hedged transactions will be based matches the index of the corresponding derivatives. Application of these expedients preserves the presentation of derivatives consistent with past presentation. In February 2023, the Company amended the 2021 Term Loan Facility (as defined below), the ABL Facility (as defined below) and all existing interest rate caps agreements to replace LIBOR with a secured overnight financing rate (“SOFR”) as the benchmark interest rate. See Note 11 and Note 12 to these condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information. The Company utilized the practical expedients under the guidance with respect to the transition of its debt facilities and interest rate hedging arrangements to SOFR, with no impact to its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In October 2021, the FASB issued guidance that requires contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination to be recognized and measured by the acquirer on the acquisition date in accordance with revenue recognition guidance. Under current GAAP, contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination are recorded by the acquirer at fair value. The new guidance creates an exception to the general recognition and measurement principles related to business combinations, and is expected to result in the acquirer recognizing contract assets and liabilities at the same amounts recorded by the acquiree. The new guidance is effective for business combinations occurring during fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted the new guidance effective January 1, 2023 as required, and will apply the guidance prospectively to business combinations that occur after the adoption date.

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ECOVYST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

3. Revenue from Contracts with Customers:

Disaggregated Revenue

The Company’s primary means of disaggregating revenues is by reportable segments, which can be found in Note 16 to these condensed consolidated financial statements.

The Company’s portfolio of products is integrated into a variety of end uses, which are described in the table below.


Key End Uses			Key Products
Clean fuels, emission control & other			• Refining hydrocracking catalysts
			• Emission control catalysts
			• Catalysts used in production of renewable fuels
			• Catalyst activation
			• Aluminum sulfate solution
			• Ammonium bisulfite solution
Polymers & engineered plastics			• Catalysts for high-density polyethylene and chemicals syntheses
			• Antiblocks for film packaging
			• Niche custom catalyst
Regeneration and treatment services			• Sulfuric acid regeneration services
			• Treatment services
Industrial, mining & automotive			• Sulfur derivatives for industrial production
			• Sulfuric acid for mining
			• Sulfuric derivatives for nylon production

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ECOVYST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

The following tables disaggregate the Company’s sales, by segment and end uses, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively:


	Three months ended June 30, 2023
	Ecoservices		Catalyst Technologies(2)		Total
Clean fuels, emission control & other	$	8,426	$	—	$	8,426
Polymers & engineered plastics	—		26,045		26,045
Regeneration and treatment services(1)	98,494		—		98,494
Industrial, mining & automotive	51,145		—		51,145
Total segment sales	$	158,065	$	26,045	$	184,110



	Three months ended June 30, 2022
	Ecoservices		Catalyst Technologies(2)		Total
Clean fuels, emission control & other	$	7,386	$	—	$	7,386
Polymers & engineered plastics	—		32,204		32,204
Regeneration and treatment services(1)	87,143		—		87,143
Industrial, mining & automotive	98,439		—		98,439
Total segment sales	$	192,968	$	32,204	$	225,172


	Six months ended June 30, 2023
	Ecoservices		Catalyst Technologies(2)		Total
Clean fuels, emission control & other	$	13,166	$	—	$	13,166
Polymers & engineered plastics	—		49,179		49,179
Regeneration and treatment services(1)	186,838		—		186,838
Industrial, mining & automotive	95,801		—		95,801
Total segment sales	$	295,805	$	49,179	$	344,984



	Six months ended June 30, 2022
	Ecoservices		Catalyst Technologies(2)		Total
Clean fuels, emission control & other	$	14,482	$	—	$	14,482
Polymers & engineered plastics	—		57,858		57,858
Regeneration and treatment services(1)	161,116		—		161,116
Industrial, mining & automotive	171,430		—		171,430
Total segment sales	$	347,028	$	57,858	$	404,886

(1)As described in Note 1 to these condensed consolidated financial statements, the Company experiences seasonal sales fluctuations to customers in the regeneration services product group.

(2)Excludes the Company’s proportionate share of sales from the Zeolyst International and Zeolyst C.V. joint ventures (collectively, the “Zeolyst Joint Venture”) accounted for using the equity method (see Note 9 to these condensed consolidated financial statements for further information).

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ECOVYST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

4. Fair Value Measurements:

Fair values are based on quoted market prices when available. When market prices are not available, fair values are generally estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, incorporating current market inputs for similar financial instruments with comparable terms and credit quality. In instances where there is little or no market activity for the same or similar instruments, the Company estimates fair values using methods, models and assumptions that management believes a hypothetical market participant would use to determine a current transaction price. These valuation techniques involve some level of management estimation and judgment that becomes significant with increasingly complex instruments or pricing models. Where appropriate, adjustments are included to reflect the risk inherent in a particular methodology, model or input used.

The Company’s financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value have been classified based upon a fair value hierarchy. The hierarchy gives the highest ranking to fair values determined using unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest ranking to fair values determined using methodologies and models with unobservable inputs (Level 3). The classification of an asset or a liability is based on the lowest level input that is significant to its measurement. For example, a Level 3 fair value measurement may include inputs that are both observable (Levels 1 and 2) and unobservable (Level 3). The levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

•Level 1—Values are unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets accessible at the measurement date. Active markets provide pricing data for trades occurring at least weekly and include exchanges and dealer markets.

•Level 2—Inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices from those willing to trade in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by market data for the term of the instrument. Such inputs include market interest rates and volatilities, spreads and yield curves.

•Level 3—Certain inputs are unobservable (supported by little or no market activity) and significant to the fair value measurement. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s best estimate of what hypothetical market participants would use to determine a transaction price for the asset or liability at the reporting date.

The following tables present information about the Company’s assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques the Company utilized to determine such fair value.


	June 30, 2023		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Derivative assets:
Interest rate caps (Note 12)	$	32,419	$	—	$	32,419	$	—



Derivative liabilities:
Interest rate caps (Note 12)	$	1,197	$	—	$	1,197	$	—


	December 31, 2022		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Derivative assets:
Interest rate caps (Note 12)	$	34,374	$	—	$	34,374	$	—



Derivative liabilities:
Interest rate caps (Note 12)	$	2,071	$	—	$	2,071	$	—

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ECOVYST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

Derivative contracts

Derivative assets and liabilities can be exchange-traded or traded over-the-counter (“OTC”). The Company generally values exchange-traded derivatives using models that calibrate to market transactions and eliminate timing differences between the closing price of the exchange-traded derivatives and their underlying instruments. OTC derivatives are valued using market transactions and other market evidence whenever possible, including market-based inputs to models, model calibration to market transactions, broker or dealer quotations or alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency. When models are used, the selection of a particular model to value an OTC derivative depends on the contractual terms of, and specific risks inherent in, the instrument as well as the availability of pricing information in the market. The Company generally uses similar models to value similar instruments. Valuation models require a variety of inputs, including contractual terms, market prices and rates, forward curves, measures of volatility, and correlations of such inputs. For OTC derivatives that trade in liquid markets, such as forward contracts, swaps and options, model inputs can generally be corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means, and model selection does not involve significant management judgment.

As of June 30, 2023, the Company had interest rate caps that were fair valued using Level 2 inputs. In addition, the Company applies a credit valuation adjustment to reflect credit risk which is calculated based on credit default swaps. To the extent that the Company’s net exposure under a specific master agreement is an asset, the Company utilizes the counterparty’s default swap rate. If the net exposure under a specific master agreement is a liability, the Company utilizes a default swap rate comparable to Ecovyst. The credit valuation adjustment is added to the discounted fair value to reflect the exit price that a market participant would be willing to receive to assume the Company’s liabilities or that a market participant would be willing to pay for the Company’s assets.

5. Stockholders' Equity:

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table presents the tax effects of each component of other comprehensive income (loss) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively:


	Three months ended June 30,
	2023						2022
	Pre-tax amount		Tax benefit/ (expense)		After-tax amount		Pre-tax amount		Tax benefit/ (expense)		After-tax amount
Defined benefit and other postretirement plans:

Net prior service credit (cost)	$	(31)	$	7	$	(24)	$	(52)	$	13	$	(39)
Net gain (loss)	651		(162)		489		—		—		—
Benefit plans, net	620		(155)		465		(52)		13		(39)
Net gain (loss) from hedging activities	7,059		(1,660)		5,399		6,343		(1,586)		4,757
Foreign currency translation	828		—		828		(7,994)		—		(7,994)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	8,507	$	(1,815)	$	6,692	$	(1,703)	$	(1,573)	$	(3,276)

	Six months ended June 30,
	2023						2022
	Pre-tax amount		Tax benefit/ (expense)		After-tax amount		Pre-tax amount		Tax benefit/ (expense)		After-tax amount
Defined benefit and other postretirement plans:

Net prior service credit (cost)	$	(62)	$	15	$	(47)	$	(105)	$	26	$	(79)
Net gain (loss)	650		(162)		488		1		—		1
Benefit plans, net	588		(147)		441		(104)		26		(78)
Net gain (loss) from hedging activities	(3,244)		723		(2,521)		24,639		(6,160)		18,479
Foreign currency translation	3,013		—		3,013		(10,299)		—		(10,299)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	357	$	576	$	933	$	14,236	$	(6,134)	$	8,102

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ECOVYST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

The following table presents the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, by component for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively:


	Defined benefit and other postretirement plans		Net gain (loss) from hedging activities		Foreign currency translation		Total
December 31, 2022	$	(508)	$	24,672	$	(18,172)	$	5,992
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	412		6,392		3,013		9,817
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income(1)	29		(8,913)		—		(8,884)
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)	441		(2,521)		3,013		933
June 30, 2023	$	(67)	$	22,151	$	(15,159)	$	6,925

December 31, 2021	$	2,168	$	290	$	(8,250)	$	(5,792)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(155)		18,029		(10,299)		7,575
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income(1)	77		450		—		527
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)	(78)		18,479		(10,299)		8,102
June 30, 2022	$	2,090	$	18,769	$	(18,549)	$	2,310

(1)See the following table for details about these reclassifications. Amounts in parentheses indicate debits.

The following table presents the reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively:


Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Components	Amounts Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income(1)								Affected Line Item where Income is Presented
	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Amortization of defined benefit and other postretirement items:
Net prior service (credit) cost	$	(31)	$	(53)	$	(62)	$	(105)	Other expense(2)
Net (gain) loss	29		1		28		2		Other (expense) income(2)

	(2)		(52)		(34)		(103)		Total before tax
	—		13		5		26		Tax benefit
	$	(2)	$	(39)	$	(29)	$	(77)	Net of tax

Gains and losses on cash flow hedges:
Interest rate caps	$	11,187	$	(359)	$	11,885	$	(598)	Interest expense


	(2,800)		88		(2,972)		148		Tax (expense) benefit
	$	8,387	$	(271)	$	8,913	$	(450)	Net of tax





Total reclassifications for the period	$	8,385	$	(310)	$	8,884	$	(527)	Net of tax

(1)Amounts in parentheses indicate debits to profit/loss.

(2)These accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) components are components of net periodic pension and other postretirement cost (see Note 14 to these condensed consolidated financial statements for additional details).

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ECOVYST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

Treasury Stock Repurchases

2022 Stock Repurchase Program

On April 27, 2022, the Board approved a stock repurchase program that authorized the Company to purchase up to $450,000 of the Company’s common stock over the four-year period from the date of approval. Under the plan, the Company is permitted to repurchase shares from time to time for cash in open market transactions or in privately negotiated transactions in accordance with applicable federal securities laws, with the Company determining the timing and the amount of any repurchases based on its evaluation of market conditions, share price and other factors.

During the six months ended June 30, 2023, in connection with secondary offerings of the Company’s common stock in March and May 2023, the Company repurchased 7,000,000 shares of its common stock sold in the offerings from the underwriters at a weighted average price of $10.48 per share concurrently with the closing of the offerings, for a total of $73,373, excluding accrued excise tax. As of June 30, 2023, $239,925 was available for additional share repurchases under the program.

During the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company accrued excise tax of $630 related to these repurchases, net of shares issued under the Company’s equity incentive program (see Note 17 to these condensed consolidated financial statements). This amount is included in accrued liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheet and is treated by the Company as a cost of the treasury stock transactions in equity.

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company repurchased 893,123 shares on the open market at an average price of $9.88, for a total of $8,842 (of which $1,715 was accrued at June 30, 2022).

Tax Withholdings on Equity Award Vesting

In connection with the vesting of restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and performance stock units, shares of common stock may be delivered to the Company by employees to satisfy withholding tax obligations at the instruction of the employee award holders. These transactions, when they occur, are accounted for as stock repurchases by the Company, with the shares returned to treasury stock at a cost representing the payment by the Company of the tax obligations on behalf of the employees in lieu of shares for the vesting unit. There were 95,269 and 32,058 shares delivered to the Company to cover tax payments for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively and the fair value of those shares withheld were $866 and $332 for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

6. Goodwill:

The change in the carrying amount of goodwill for the six months ended June 30, 2023 is summarized as follows:


	Ecoservices		Catalyst Technologies		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	326,589	$	76,574	$	403,163


Foreign exchange impact	—		1,057		1,057
Balance as of June 30, 2023	$	326,589	$	77,631	$	404,220

7. Other Operating Expense, Net:

A summary of other operating expense, net is as follows:


	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Amortization expense	$	2,643	$	2,644	$	5,280	$	5,299
Transaction and other related costs	1,190		790		2,624		5,070
Restructuring, integration and business optimization costs	1,106		5,291		2,129		5,673
Net loss on asset disposals	1,128		573		2,306		706

Other, net	195		367		641		680
	$	6,262	$	9,665	$	12,980	$	17,428

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ECOVYST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

8. Inventories, Net:

Inventories, net are classified and valued as follows:


	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Finished products and work in process	$	42,622	$	39,909
Raw materials	4,928		4,453
	$	47,550	$	44,362
Valued at lower of cost or market:
LIFO basis	$	29,502	$	25,258
Valued at lower of cost and net realizable value:
FIFO or average cost basis	18,048		19,104
	$	47,550	$	44,362

9. Investments in Affiliated Companies:

The Company accounts for investments in affiliated companies under the equity method. Affiliated companies accounted for on the equity basis as of June 30, 2023 are as follows:

Company

Country

Percent
Ownership

Zeolyst International

USA

50%

Zeolyst C.V.

Netherlands

50%

Following is summarized information of the combined investments(1):


	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Sales	$	99,188	$	84,663	$	155,085	$	151,346
Gross profit	34,461		29,168		44,571		52,752
Operating income	25,103		19,476		27,502		34,112
Net income	25,926		20,210		29,573		34,908

(1)Summarized information of the combined investments is presented at 100%; the Company’s share of the net assets and net income of affiliates is calculated based on the percent ownership specified in the table above.

The Company’s investments in affiliated companies balance as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 includes net purchase accounting fair value adjustments of $227,815 and $231,017, respectively, related to a prior business combination, consisting primarily of goodwill and intangible assets such as customer relationships, technical know-how and trade names. Consolidated equity in net income from affiliates is net of $1,601 and $3,201 of amortization expense related to purchase accounting fair value adjustments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively. Consolidated equity in net income from affiliates is net of $1,601 and $3,201 of amortization expense related to purchase accounting fair value adjustments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.

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ECOVYST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

10. Property, Plant and Equipment:

A summary of property, plant and equipment, at cost, and related accumulated depreciation is as follows:


	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Land	$	96,799	$	96,659
Buildings and improvements	83,606		82,061
Machinery and equipment	772,397		751,145
Construction in progress	69,239		56,448
	1,022,041		986,313
Less: accumulated depreciation	(434,837)		(401,424)
	$	587,204	$	584,889

Depreciation expense was $17,455 and $34,147 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively. Depreciation expense was $16,142 and $32,153 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.

11. Long-term Debt:

The summary of long-term debt is as follows:


	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Senior Secured Term Loan Facility due June 2028 (the "2021 Term Loan Facility")	$	882,000	$	886,500
ABL Facility	—		—

Total debt	882,000		886,500
Original issue discount	(6,826)		(7,472)
Deferred financing costs	(3,780)		(4,158)
Total debt, net of original issue discount and deferred financing costs	871,394		874,870
Less: current portion	(9,000)		(9,000)
Total long-term debt, excluding current portion	$	862,394	$	865,870

In February 2023, the Company amended the 2021 Term Loan Facility to replace LIBOR with SOFR as the benchmark interest rate. Following this amendment, the 2021 Term Loan Facility bears interest at an adjusted term SOFR, which includes a credit spread adjustment of 10 basis points (with a 0.50% minimum floor) plus 2.75% per annum (or, depending on the Company’s first lien net leverage ratio, 2.50%). The interest rate on the 2021 Term Loan Facility was 7.65% as of June 30, 2023.

Also in February 2023, the Company amended its senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility (the “ABL Facility”) to replace LIBOR with SOFR as the benchmark interest rate. Following this amendment, the borrowings under the ABL Facility bear interest at a rate equal to an adjusted term SOFR rate or the base rate, which includes a credit spread adjustment of 10 basis points, plus a margin of between 1.25% to 1.75% or 0.25% to 0.75%, respectively. The interest rate on the ABL Facility was 8.50% as of June 30, 2023.

Fair Value of Debt

The fair value of a financial instrument is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the fair value of the senior secured term loan facility was $878,693 and $870,986, respectively. The fair value is classified as Level 2 based upon the fair value hierarchy (see Note 4 to these condensed consolidated financial statements for further information on fair value measurements).

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ECOVYST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

12. Financial Instruments:

The Company uses interest rate related derivative instruments to manage its exposure to changes in interest rates on its variable-rate debt instruments. The Company does not speculate using derivative instruments.

By using derivative financial instruments to hedge exposures to changes in interest rates, the Company exposes itself to credit risk and market risk. Credit risk is the failure of the counterparty to perform under the terms of the derivative contract. When the fair value of a derivative contract is an asset, the counterparty owes the Company, which creates credit risk for the Company. When the fair value of a derivative contract is a liability, the Company owes the counterparty and therefore, the Company is not exposed to the counterparty’s credit risk in those circumstances. The Company minimizes counterparty credit risk in derivative instruments by entering into transactions with high quality counterparties. The derivative instruments entered into by the Company do not contain credit-risk-related contingent features.

Market risk is the adverse effect on the value of a derivative instrument that results from a change in interest rates. The market risk associated with the Company’s derivative instruments is managed by establishing and monitoring parameters that limit the types and degree of market risk that may be undertaken.

Use of Derivative Financial Instruments to Manage Interest Rate Risk. The Company is exposed to fluctuations in interest rates on its senior secured credit facilities. Changes in interest rates will not affect the market value of such debt but will affect the Company’s interest payments over the term of the loans. Likewise, an increase in interest rates could have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. The Company hedges the interest rate fluctuations on debt obligations through interest rate cap agreements. The Company records these agreements at fair value as assets or liabilities in its condensed consolidated balance sheets. As the derivatives are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the gains or losses on the interest rate cap agreements are recorded in stockholders’ equity as a component of other comprehensive income, net of tax. Reclassifications of the gains and losses on the interest rate cap agreements into earnings are recorded as part of interest expense in the condensed consolidated statements of income as the Company makes its interest payments on the hedged portion of its senior secured credit facilities. Fair value is determined based on estimated amounts that would be received or paid to terminate the contracts at the reporting date based on quoted market prices.

The following table provides a summary of the Company’s interest rate cap agreements:


Financial Instrument	Number of Instruments	In Effect as of June 30, 2023	Notional Amount of Instruments in Effect		Annuitized Premium of Instruments in Effect
Interest rate cap	5	2	$	650,000	$	3,589

The notional amounts of the two interest rate cap agreements in effect at June 30, 2023 are $400,000 and $250,000. The Company entered into the $400,000 interest rate cap agreement to mitigate interest rate volatility from September 2020 to August 2023 and the $250,000 interest rate cap to mitigate interest rate volatility from August 2022 to October 2024. The cap rate in effect at June 30, 2023 for both agreements was 1.00%. The Company has also entered into three forward starting interest rate cap agreements to mitigate interest volatility from August 2023 to October 2026.

In February 2023, the Company amended all existing interest rate cap agreements to replace LIBOR with SOFR as the benchmark interest rate, with all other terms of the agreements remaining the same. This amendment changed the previously annuitized premiums on the existing interest rate cap agreements.

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ECOVYST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

The fair values of derivative instruments held as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively are shown below:


	Balance sheet location	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Derivative assets
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:

Interest rate caps	Prepaid and other current assets	$	17,329	$	18,510

Interest rate caps	Other long-term assets	15,090		15,864
Total derivative assets		$	32,419	$	34,374

Derivative liabilities
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:



Interest rate caps	Other long-term liabilities	1,197		2,071
Total derivative liabilities		$	1,197	$	2,071

The following table shows the effect of the Company’s derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges on AOCI for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively:


		Three months ended June 30,
		2023				2022
	Location of gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income	Amount of gain (loss) recognized in OCI on derivatives		Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income		Amount of gain (loss) recognized in OCI on derivatives		Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income
Interest rate caps	Interest (expense) income	$	18,246	$	11,187	$	5,985	$	(359)




		Six months ended June 30,
		2023				2022
	Location of gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income	Amount of gain (loss) recognized in OCI on derivatives		Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income		Amount of gain (loss) recognized in OCI on derivatives		Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income
Interest rate caps	Interest (expense) income	$	8,641	$	11,885	$	24,041	$	(598)

The following table shows the effect of the Company’s cash flow hedge accounting on the condensed consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively:


	Location and amount of gain (loss) recognized in income on cash flow hedging relationships
	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Total amounts of income and expense line items presented in the statement of income in which the effects of cash flow hedges are recorded in interest (expense) income	$	(9,168)	$	(8,888)	$	(19,000)	$	(17,338)
The effects of cash flow hedging:
Gain (loss) on cash flow hedging relationships:
Interest contracts:
Amount of loss reclassified from AOCI into income	11,187		(359)		11,885		(598)

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ECOVYST INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(unaudited)

The amount of unrealized losses in AOCI related to the Company’s cash flow hedges that is expected to be reclassified to the condensed consolidated statement of income over the next twelve months is $8,965 as of June 30, 2023.

13. Income Taxes:

The effective income tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2023 was 25.2%, compared to 27.5% for the three months ended June 30, 2022. The effective income tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was 28.3%, compared to 32.4% for the six months ended June 30, 2022. The Company’s effective income tax rate fluctuated primarily due to a reduced discrete tax impact related to a stock compensation shortfall and a discrete tax benefit associated with state and local tax law changes.

The difference between the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate and the Company’s effective income tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was mainly due to state and local taxes, a discrete shortfall tax expense related to stock compensation, a discrete tax expense associated with the recording of accrued penalties and interest associated with historical uncertain tax positions, and a discrete tax benefit connected to state and local tax law changes.

The difference between the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate and the Company’s effective income tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was mainly due to state and local taxes, a discrete shortfall tax expense related to stock compensation and a discrete tax expense associated with the Employee Retention Credit.

14. Benefit Plans:

The following tables present the components of net periodic expense (benefit) for the Company-sponsored defined benefit pension and postretirement plans, which cover certain employees and retirees located in the U.S.

Defined Benefit Pension Plans


	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022

Interest cost	$	871	$	604	$	1,742	$	1,207
Expected return on plan assets	(837)		(1,110)		(1,674)		(2,219)


Settlement loss	29		—		29		—
Net periodic expense (benefit)	$	63	$	(506)	$	97	$	(1,012)